2024年8月20日星期二

中国海军与航行自由。Chinese Navy and Freedom of Navigation.

中国于 2024 年 8 月 19 日警告德国不要派遣军舰前往——台湾海峡,声称这将干涉其内政。 (新闻周刊,2024 年 8 月 20 日)

台湾海峡是一条宽180公里的海峡,将台湾岛与亚洲大陆分开。它向北连接南海和东海。国际社会认为该海峡是国际水道,航行自由受到国际法的保障(维基百科,08/20/2024)。美国等国坚称台湾海峡不是中国领土,而是南海的一部分。 (美台商会,2024年8月20日)

中国海军的航行自由。 2024 年 8 月 10 日报道,两艘中国船只穿越英伦海峡,往返俄罗斯海军日庆祝活动。这两艘军舰分别是中国的7500吨驱逐舰焦作号和23400吨补给舰洪湖号。 (独立,2024 年 8 月 10 日)

英伦海峡海峡长约 350 英里(560 公里)。最宽处长达 150 英里(240 公里),最窄处则在多佛海峡缩小至仅 21 英里(34 公里)。 (ncesc.com) 就其国际地位而言,海峡最狭窄的部分——多佛海峡——位于英国和法国领海以内。在其他地区,国际水域将英国和法国的领海分开。 (Tovisorga.com)

中国海军活动例如:
  • 美国海岸警卫队在阿拉斯加附近海域发现多艘中国军舰。在阿留申群岛阿姆奇特卡山口以北约 124 英里处发现了三艘船只,在该州阿姆克塔山口以北约 84 英里处发现了第四艘船只。 (哥伦比亚广播公司新闻,2024 年 7 月 11 日)
  • 此外,早前,一支由 11 艘中国和俄罗斯军舰组成的联合舰队在阿拉斯加岛链附近的国际水域巡逻,在美国和加拿大境内敲响了警报。 (美国新闻,08/08/2024)
  • 去年 (2023 年 4 月 10 日)在台湾附近观察到多艘中国海军舰艇和一艘航空母舰。(纽约时报,04/10/2024) 
  • 2023 年 4 月,由一艘强大驱逐舰率领的中国海军舰队进行了为期 12 天的日本主要岛屿环绕航行。(CNN Business,2024 年 4 月 20 日)
  • 最近,中国和菲律宾海警船只于2024年8月19日在萨比纳浅滩附近发生相撞。萨比纳浅滩距离菲律宾巴拉望岛 86 英里,在菲律宾视为其专属经济区 (EEZ) 的 200 英里范围内。 (华盛顿邮报,2024 年 8 月 19 日)




China warned Germany on August 19, 2024, not to send warships to Formosa Strait, separating China and Taiwan, claiming this would be an interference with its internal affairs. (Newsweek, 08/20/2024)

The Taiwan Strait is a 180-kilometer-wide strait separating the island of Taiwan from the Asian continent. It connects the South China Sea to the East China Sea to the north. The international community considers the strait an international waterway where freedom of navigation is guaranteed under international law (WIKIPEDIA, 08/20/2024). The United States, among others, maintains that the Taiwan Strait is not Chinese territory but rather part of the South China Sea. (US-Taiwan Business Council, 08/20/2024)

Chinese navy - freedom of navigation. A report on August 10, 2024, that two Chinese vessels as they sailed through the English Channel on their way to and from Russian navy day celebrations. The two warships in question are China ’s Jiaozuo, a 7,500-tonne destroyer, and Honghu, a 23,400-tonne supply ship. (Independent, 08/10/2024)

The English Channel is approximately 350 miles (560 kilometers) long. At its widest point, it spans 150 miles (240 kilometers), while at its narrowest, it narrows down to a mere 21 miles (34 kilometers) in the Strait of Dover. (ncesc.com) As for its international status, the narrowest part of the Channel—the Dover Strait—is within British and French territorial waters. In other areas, international waters separate UK and French territorial waters. (Tovisorga.com)

A Few Other Recent Activities:
  • Multiple Chinese military ships were spotted by the U.S. Coast Guard in the waters off Alaska. Three vessels were detected about 124 miles north of the Amchitka Pass in the Aleutian Islands, and a fourth ship was spotted about 84 miles north of the state's Amukta Pass. (CBS News, 07/11/2024

  • Additionally, a joint flotilla of 11 Chinese and Russian warships patrolled international waters near the Alaskan island chain last week, raising alarms within the U.S. and Canada. (US News, 08/08/2024

  • Numbers of Chinese naval ships and an aircraft carrier were observed near Taiwan on April 10, 2023. (New York Times, 04/10/2024

  • A Chinese naval flotilla led by a powerful destroyer has been on a 12-day circumnavigation of Japan’s main islands in April 2023. (CNN Business, 04/20/2024)

  • Finally, Chinese and Philippine coast guard vessels collided on August 19, 2024, near the Sabina Shoal. The Sabina Shoal is 86 miles from the Philippine Island of Palawan, within the 200 miles that the Philippines considers its Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). (The Washington Post, 08/19/2024)



2024年8月18日星期日

有关于Nvidia的Blackwell GPU的信息

《The Motley Fool》杂志的杰里米·鲍曼 (Jeremy Bowman) 发表了一篇题为“立即购买 Nvidia 股票的 3000 亿个理由”的文章。这是一篇有趣的文章。要点:1. 谷歌前首席执行官埃里克·施密特最近在斯坦福大学的一次谈话中评论了人工智能的演变,称企业正计划在人工智能基础设施上花费数百亿甚至数千亿美元。 2. OpenAI首席执行官萨姆·奥尔特曼(Sam Altman)计划筹集7万亿美元来扩大世界半导体产业,以实现通用人工智能(AGI)。其他企业家,例如埃隆·马斯克,也在朝着这一目标努力。 3. 英伟达首席执行官黄仁勋认为,AGI 还需要五年时间,因此人工智能投资可能会在此期间增加。另外,有报道称其Blackwell B200芯片被发现存在设计缺陷。Nvidia 需要改进其 Blackwell GPU 的设计。因此,发货开始时间被推迟。无论如何,Alphabet、微软和 Meta 都拥有价值“数百亿美元”的巨额 Blackwell 订单,而亚马逊则将其 Nvidia AI 加速器订单从 Hopper 转移到 Blackwell。详情请点击英文部分的链接。最近, Nvidia 的 Rubin 平台在原始功率方面是超越 AMD 和英特尔的芯片。然而,AMD 和英特尔产品的市场定位和独特卖点也很重要。 (计算机世界,2024 年 6 月 4 日)

请注意,本文不是投资建议。这只是一种信息共享。

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Jeremy Bowman, The Motley Fool, published an article titled as "300 Billion Reasons to Buy Nvidia Stock Now." This is an interesting article. And here are its key points:

In a recent conversation at Stanford University, former Google CEO Eric Schmidt commented on the evolution of artificial intelligence, saying that companies were planning to spend tens of billions or even hundreds of billions of dollars on AI infrastructure. For example, the project of Microsoft and OpenAI known as Stargate AI, could cost as much as $100 billion. The demand in the industry is much higher than that. 

Sam Altman, OpenAI CEO, is planning to raise $7 trillion to expand the world's semiconductor industry in order to achieve artificial general intelligence (AGI). Other enterpreneurs, such as Elon Musk, are also working toward this goal. 

Jensen Huang, Nvidia CEO, believes that AGI is five years away, so AI investment may increase during that time. For details, please check the orignal article.

On the other hand, there is a report that a design flaw in its Blackwell B200 chip was found. This issue is probably related to the fact being one of the first to use Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturer's new CoWoS-L packaging technology. Thus, Nvidia is needed to revamp the design of its Blackwell GPUs. Consequently, the start of shipments is delayed. Anyway, Alphabet, Microsoft, and Meta all have huge Blackwell orders worth "tens of billions of dollars" while Amazon was moving its Nvidia AI accelerator orders from Hopper to Blackwell. For details, please click the link: (The Motley Fool, 08/18/2024)

Then, how are AMD and Intel's chips compared to Nvidia's? Prasanth Aby Thomas at Computerworld states, Nvidia’s Rubin platform can outperform chips from rivals AMD and Intel in terms of raw power. However, the market positioning and unique selling points of AMD and Intel’s offerings are also important. (Computerworld, 06/04/2024)


Note this article is not an investment advice. It is just an information sharing.

Credit: Forbes / AFP via Getty Images



以色列历史简要和与加沙的关系

以色列的历史丰富而复杂,跨越数千年。以下是简要概述:


古代: 公元前 1020 年左右,以色列人在扫罗王的领导下建立了联合王国。然而,内部纷争和外部压力导致这个王国分裂为以色列(北部)和犹大(南部).

青铜时代: 迦南文明于公元前 2000 年左右发展起来。青铜时代晚期,埃及成为该地区的附庸.

铁器时代: 以色列和犹大王国的出现,塑造了犹太人和撒马利亚人的起源.

罗马统治: 公元 1 世纪和 2 世纪的犹太-罗马战争之后,许多犹太人流离失所或被卖为奴隶.

基督教和伊斯兰教: 到 4 世纪,基督教取代犹太教成为主流宗教。伊斯兰教后来在 7 世纪征服了该地区.

十字军东征和蒙古征服: 十字军东征期间,宗教战争时有发生。蒙古人的征服被马穆鲁克苏丹国阻止.

现代以色列国: 1948年,以色列宣告独立,与邻国发生冲突.

现在我们来概述一下以色列与加沙的关系:

领土背景: 加沙是地中海东部沿岸的一片狭长地带,南部与埃及接壤,北部和东部与以色列接壤.

历史背景:

1948 阿以战争: 1948 年以色列建国后,加沙由埃及管理.

1967 六日战争: 以色列占领了加沙、约旦河西岸、西奈半岛和戈兰高地.

1993 奥斯陆协议: 加沙被移交给巴勒斯坦权力机构控制,但紧张局势依然存在.

2005 脱离接触 (Disengagement): 以色列单方面从加沙撤出定居者和军队,导致哈马斯接管.

哈马斯统治(Hamas Rule): 自 2007 年以来,哈马斯(巴勒斯坦激进组织)一直统治着加沙,而以色列则保持封锁.

现状 (08/2024):

封锁: 以色列对加沙实施海上封锁,限制进出口.

冲突: 周期性爆发冲突,造成人员伤亡和人道主义危机.

人权问题: 加沙局势涉及人权问题,包括获取基本必需品和行动自由.

去年 10 月(2023 年),哈马斯向以色列发射了 3,000 多枚火箭弹。武装人员深入以色列控制的领土。这是自 1948 年阿以战争以来首次入侵以色列领土。这些袭击引发了持续不断的以哈战争。

现在,美国、卡塔尔和埃及提出了一项旨在弥合以色列和哈马斯之间分歧的提案,此前双方在结束加沙战争和确保释放以色列人质的谈判上陷入僵局数月. (Financial Time, 08/20/24)

请阅读:


强调,这只是一个简短的总结。这个话题还有更多值得探索的内容!如需了解详细信息和准确性,请 Google 或 Bing 搜索相关信息. 

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